Architectural style that adapts Modernist architectural principles of functionality, and materials like concrete, steel and glass for thermal comfort in the hot and humid climate of the tropics. Popularised by British architects Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew during the mid-twentieth century, Tropical Modernism was presented as a rational, technoscientific endeavour developing generalised design solutions for the climatic, topographic and geographic contexts  of tropical regions, which were taken as homogenous. Architectural features and forms very developed for natural light and ventilation, such as jalousies, brise soleil, pergolas, verandahs and open spaces, based on a study of factors such as rainfall, sun movement and temperature. While earlier colonial tropical buildings prioritised bodily comfort for the settlers, Tropical Modernism focused on native populations. This was succeeded by Modern Regionalism in the 1950s and 1960s as newly independent countries like India, Sri Lanka, and Ghana sought to assert a new national identity through local, indigenous building practices, forms and materials. Key proponents included Sri Lankan architects Geoffrey Bawa and Minette de Silva, and Indian architect Charles Correa.