Mask of Vaikuntha Vishnu, late 5th century. Learn more about 5th century masks
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An ancient Indian shading technique wherein the artist retains their brush to paint miniature dots of differing density. The technique has been outlined in the chitrasutra (art of painting) section of the Vishnudharmottara Purana. From the Sanskrit words binduja, meaning “dots” and varttana, meaning “shading.”