Code of public etiquette in Bhutan, based on the founding principles of Bhutanese culture, namely humility, compassion and respect. It is classified into three parts based on physical, verbal and mental discipline, which respectively describe rules of dressing and physical conduct, manners when speaking with others, and individual mindset. Believed to be derived from the Buddhist vinaya, it was first formulated and implemented by Bhutan’s founder Ngawang Namgyal in the seventeenth century. During the reign of the king Jigme Singye in 1989, the Driglam Namzha was reinforced to preserve Bhutanese culture and identity in response to the widespread popularity of Western culture; it was at this time that the gho and kira were instated as the national attire. Failure to adhere to the code results in short-term imprisonment or a fine.