A nineteenth century artist who worked between Delhi, Meerut and Patna and was patronised by the Mughal emperor Akbar II (r. 1806–37), Begum Samru of Sardhana and officers of the East Indian Company. He was known for his miniature portraits and oil paintings, which were produced solely using European techniques of oil painting and portrait miniatures. A body of his paintings and prints are currently in the British Library.