A cultural and philosophical movement that originated in western Europe and sought new paradigms in art and socio-cultural discourse to reflect the transformations brought on by industrialisation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It was the dominating current of artistic practice until the 1970s and spread out globally, comprising a diverse set of stylistic movements such as Realism, Post-Impressionism, Cubism, Futurism, Surrealism and Dadaism, among others.